Opiates (definition of)

Opiate drugs are narcotic sedatives derived from the opium poppy. They depress activity of the central nervous system, reducing pain and inducing sleep. In addition to morphine and codeine, opiates also include heroin and are classified as narcotics.

Opioids are very effective in treating pain; for this reason, they are ideal for treating cancer symptoms such as those associated with mesothelioma. However, these drugs are also highly addictive and withdrawal symptoms can be severe. In addition, patients build up a tolerance over time, requiring larger and larger doses. Opiates are therefore tightly regulated. Medical experts are in disagreement on how opiates should be used; some suggest starting the patient with mild opiates such as codeine when pain is moderate, then switching the patient to stronger opiates like morphine if pain persists or worsens. Others believe that a strong, effective opiate should be administered from the beginning of treatment.

Opiates may be taken orally, rectally, with an epidermal patch, intravenously, or through a catheter drip. Long-acting opiates are often delivered via skin patch and are helpful in maintaining consistency in pain relief.

Side-effects from opiates may include:

• drowsiness
• nausea
• constipation
• vomiting

These can be minimized with the use of supplementary other medications or therapies.